Lace
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For other uses, see Lace (disambiguation).
Lace appliqué and bow at the bust-line of a nightgown.
Lace is an openwork fabric, patterned with open holes in the work, made by machine or by hand. The holes can be formed via removal of threads or cloth from a previously woven fabric, but more often open spaces are created as part of the lace fabric. Lace-making is an ancient craft. True lace was not made until the late 15th and early 16th centuries. A true lace is created when a thread is looped, twisted or braided to other threads independently from a backing fabric.
Originally linen, silk, gold, or silver threads were used. Now lace is often made with cotton thread. Manufactured lace may be made of synthetic fiber. A few modern artists make lace with a fine copper or silver wire instead of thread.
Contents[hide]
1 Types
2 History
3 Gallery
4 See also
5 External links
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[edit] Types
There are many types of lace, defined by how they are made. These include:
Needle lace; made using a needle and thread. This is the most flexible of the lace-making arts. While some types can be made more quickly than the finest of bobbin laces, others are very time-consuming. Some purists regard needle lace as the height of lace-making. The finest antique needle laces were [made] from a very fine thread that is not manufactured today.
Cutwork, or whitework; lace constructed by removing threads from a woven background, and the remaining threads wrapped or filled with embroidery.
Bobbin Lace; as the name suggests, made with bobbins and a pillow. The bobbins, turned from wood, bone or plastic, hold threads which are woven together and held in place with pins stuck in the pattern on the pillow. The pillow contains straw, preferably oat straw or other materials such as sawdust, insulation styrofoam or ethafoam. Also known as Bone-lace. Chantilly lace is a type of bobbin lace.
Tape lace; makes the tape in the lace as it is worked, or uses a machine- or hand-made textile strip formed into a design, then joined and embellished with needle or bobbin lace.
Knotted lace; including macramé and tatting. Tatted lace is made with a shuttle or a tatting needle.
Crocheted lace; including Irish crochet, pineapple crochet, and filet crochet.
Knitted lace; including Shetland lace, such as the "wedding ring shawl", a lace shawl so fine that it can be pulled through a wedding ring.
Machine-made; any style of lace created or replicated using mechanical means.
Ecru lace; lace not bleached
[edit] History
Objects resembling lace bobbins have been found in Roman remains, but there are no records of Roman lace-making. The craft may have begun in the first half of the 14th century in Flanders (Now on the boarder between France and Belgium).
Lace was used by clergy of the early Catholic Church as part of vestments in religious ceremonies, but did not come into widespread use until the 16th century.[1] The popularity of lace increased rapidly and the cottage industry of lace making spread throughout Europe to most European countries. Countries like Finland (city of Rauma), Slovenia (city of Idrija), Belgium, Hungary, Ireland, Malta, Russia, Spain, Turkey and others all have their own unique artistic heritage expressed through lace.
In North America in the 19th century, lace making was spread to the Native American tribes through missionaries. [2]
St. John Francis Regis helped many country girls stay away from the cities by establishing them in the lacemaking and embroidery trade, which is why he became the Patron Saint of lace-making.[citation needed]
[edit] Gallery
White lace is often used in collars and other fabric borders
Lace of the Royal collection, Belgium
Needle Lace borders from the Erzgebirge mountains Germany in 1884, displayed in the Victoria and Albert Museum
Armenian needlelace circa 2004.
Koniakow traditional laces
Csetneki lace
19th century Irish crocheted lace
Needle lace
Traditional ñandutí lace from Paraguay
[edit] See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lace
Needlework
Crochet
Silk
Bobbin
Ribbons
See-through clothing
[edit] External links
Virtual Museum of Textile Arts
A Renascence of the Irish Art of Lace-making
International Bobbin and Needle Lace Organisation
International Old Lacers
English lace organization
Italian lace and embroidery organization
Australian lace museum
Antique Bobbin Lace
Irish Lace
The Craft of Bobbin Making
Rauma bobbin lace
[show]
v • d • eLace types
Needle lace:
Punto in Aria · Point de Venise · Point de France · Alençon · Argentan · Argentella · Armenian · Hollie Point · Point de Gaze · Youghal · LimerickEmbroidered: Reticella · Buratto · Filet/Lacis · Ñandutí · Needlerun Net · Tambour · TeneriffeCut Work: Battenberg · Broderie Anglaise · Carrickmacross
Bobbin lace:
Ancient: Antwerp · Ecclesiastical · Freehand · TorchonContinental: Binche · Flanders · Mechlin · Paris · ValenciennesPoint ground: Bayeux · Blonde · Bucks point · Chantilly · Tønder · Beveren · LilleGuipure: Genoese · Venetian · Bedfordshire · Cluny · MaltesePart laces: Honiton · Bruges · BrusselsTape: Milanese · Flemish · Russian · Peasant
Tape lace:
Mezzopunto · Princess · Renaissance · Romanian point
Knotted lace:
Macramé · Tatting
Crocheted lace:
Broomstick lace · Irish crochet · Hairpin · Filet crochet
Lace knitting:
Lace knitting
Machine-made lace:
Warp Knit · Bobbinet · Leavers · Pusher · Barmen · Curtain Machine · ChemicalHand Finished: Hand-run Gimps
[show]
v • d • eTextile arts
Fundamentals:
Applique · Crochet · Dyeing · Embroidery · Fabric (textiles) · Felting · Fiber · Knitting · Lace · Nålebinding · Needlework · Patchwork · Passementerie · Plying · Quilting · Rope · Sewing · Spinning · Tapestry · Textile printing · Weaving · Yarn
History of... :
Clothing and textiles · Silk · Quilting · Textiles in the Industrial Revolution · Timeline of textile technology
Related:
Blocking · Fiber art · Mathematics and fiber arts · Manufacturing · Preservation · Terminology · Textile industry · Textile Museums · Units of measurement · Wearable fiber art
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Categories: Lace Net fabrics History of the textile industry
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